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Acne is often thought of as a problem for teenagers, but many adults know all too well that breakouts don’t always disappear after high school. Adult acne is a common and frustrating condition that can affect anyone at any age. Understanding the triggers and available treatments can help you take control and achieve clearer skin.
What Causes Adult Acne?
Adult acne can have a variety of causes, and it often results from a combination of factors. Here are some of the most common triggers:
1. Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations are a leading cause of acne in adults. For women, acne may be linked to menstrual cycles, pregnancy, menopause, or conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hormonal imbalances can stimulate excess oil production, leading to clogged pores and breakouts.
2. Stress
Chronic stress prompts the body to produce more cortisol, a hormone that can increase oil production and inflammation in the skin, both of which contribute to acne.
3. Diet
Certain foods, particularly those high in sugar or refined carbohydrates, can spike insulin levels, potentially triggering acne. Dairy products have also been linked to breakouts in some individuals.
4. Skin Care Products
Using products that are not suitable for your skin type or are comedogenic (pore-clogging) can lead to acne. This includes heavy moisturizers, makeup, and sunscreens.
5. Medications
Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, hormonal birth control, or medications containing testosterone, can contribute to acne.
6. Environmental Factors
Pollution, humidity, and sweating can all exacerbate acne by clogging pores and increasing bacterial growth on the skin.
7. Genetics
If you have a family history of adult acne, you may be more prone to developing it yourself.
How to Treat Adult Acne
Treating adult acne often requires a combination of lifestyle changes, targeted skincare, and sometimes medical intervention. Here are some effective approaches:
1. Adopt a Gentle Skincare Routine
Cleanse Twice Daily: Use a gentle, non-comedogenic cleanser to remove excess oil and dirt.
Some of our favorite products include: CeraVe Acne Treatment Face Wash, Cetaphil Face Wash Daily Facial Cleanser, SkinCeuticals Gentle Cleanser Cream, SkinCeuticals Cleanser Foam, SkinCeuticals Simply Clean Gel
Exfoliate Regularly: Incorporate a chemical exfoliant like salicylic acid or glycolic acid to unclog pores, but avoid over-exfoliating. For a regular adult acne treatment regimen, chemical exfoliation with salicylic acid (BHA) or glycolic acid (AHA) (ie SkinCeuticals Cell Cycle Catalyst) should be done based on the individual's skin type and tolerance. For example: Oily, acne-prone skin may exfoliate 2-3 times per week, normal to combination skin may exfoliate 1-2 times per week, and those with sensitive skin may only tolerate exfoliating once per week or every other week. We would recommend discussing your specific needs with a professional.
Moisturize: Even oily or acne-prone skin needs hydration! Opt for a lightweight, oil-free moisturizer.
Sunscreen: Protect your skin with a broad-spectrum sunscreen to prevent dark spots and irritation. Never skip the SPF every morning, even if it's raining or cloudy or you're spending your days in the office. You can find combination moisturizer + SPF products, and many cosmetic brands have SPF incorporated into their products also.
2. Use Acne-Fighting Ingredients
Benzoyl Peroxide: Reduces bacteria and inflammation.
Retinoids: Help to unclog pores and promote cell turnover (Differin Acne Treatment Gel is a great OTC product to start with before asking for prescription strength retinoid medications)
Niacinamide: Reduces inflammation and improves skin texture.
SkinCeuticals P-Tiox is a peptide-powered serum containing 5% polyhydroxy acid, 5% niacinamide, and 1% laminaria extract
3. Make Dietary Adjustments
Consider reducing sugar, refined carbs, and dairy. Focus on a balanced diet rich in whole foods, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants.
4. Manage Stress
Incorporate stress-reducing activities like yoga, meditation, or regular exercise to keep hormone levels in check.
5. Consult a physician
If over-the-counter treatments and lifestyle changes don’t help, a dermatologist or a physician familiar with acne treatments can recommend:
Prescription Medications: Including topical or oral antibiotics, hormonal treatments, or isotretinoin.
Professional Treatments: Such as chemical peels, laser therapy, or extractions.
6. Avoid Picking at Acne
Picking or popping pimples can lead to scarring and further inflammation. Instead, treat active breakouts with spot treatments or consult a professional.
7. Consider AviClear Laser Therapy
For adults struggling with persistent acne, AviClear offers a cutting-edge solution. This FDA-cleared laser treatment specifically targets the sebaceous glands to reduce oil production, helping to prevent breakouts at the source. Unlike traditional treatments, AviClear is drug-free and can be a great option for those looking for an alternative to oral medications. Many patients see clearer skin within a few months of treatment.
If you’re interested in learning more about AviClear, schedule a consultation with us to see if it's the right choice for your skin!
What might a routine for acne-prone skin look like?
Morning Routine (Daily)
✅ Gentle cleanser
✅ Antioxidant serum (optional, like vitamin C)
✅ Lightweight moisturizer
✅ Broad-spectrum sunscreen
Nighttime Routine (Alternating Nights)
🔹 Exfoliation Nights (2-3x per week)
Cleanser
Salicylic acid (BHA) or Glycolic acid (AHA) toner or serum
Hydrating/moisturizing serum (e.g., hyaluronic acid, niacinamide)
Moisturizer
🔹 Retinoid Nights (3-4x per week)
Cleanser
Hydrating toner (optional)
Retinoid (e.g., tretinoin, adapalene, or retinaldehyde)
Moisturizer
🔹 Barrier Repair Nights (1-2x per week, if needed)
Cleanser
Hydrating/moisturizing serum
Rich moisturizer with ceramides
Additional Considerations
If using a prescription retinoid (like Differin or tretinoin) → Start 2-3x per week, then gradually increase frequency.
For sensitive skin → Use the “sandwich method” (moisturizer before & after retinoid) to buffer irritation.
If experiencing peeling or irritation → Reduce exfoliation frequency and focus on hydration.
Take Control of Your Skin
Adult acne can be challenging, but understanding the causes and adopting a personalized treatment plan can lead to significant improvements. At our clinic, we specialize in treating acne at its root cause. From customized skincare regimens to advanced treatments like AviClear, we’re here to help you achieve the clear, healthy skin you deserve.
If you’re struggling with acne, schedule a consultation with us today. Let’s work together to create a tailored approach that fits your unique needs.
About Cardona Direct Primary Care & RefineMD Aesthetics
At Cardona Direct Primary Care, Dr. Cardona and Dr. Garland provide personalized healthcare, including direct primary care, obesity medicine, and aesthetic treatments. We offer advanced treatments such as Laser Genesis, IPL, and AviClear to address a variety of skin concerns. Dr. Garland has a special interest in skincare and is eager to assist with your individual skincare needs. Located in Jacksonville, FL, we are dedicated to prioritizing you. Contact us at 904-551-4625 or visit our website at www.cardonadpc.com to learn more and schedule your appointment today!
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